ارزیابی میزان تمایل ساکنان بافت‌های فرسوده به مشارکت در طرح‌های توسعه شهری مطالعه موردی: محله دروازه غار تهران

A B S T R A C T
This research looks for study the relationship between people's participation and the effective components of urban development plans in urban deteriorated fabrics. For this purpose, the tendency of the residents of Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood (Harandi) as one of the neighborhoods located in the deteriorated fabrics of Tehran city, to participate in urban development projects has been investigated. The research method is descriptive - analytical. The required information was obtained by documentary and field study. The statistical population of the research includes all the residents of Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood. Cochran's method was used to estimate the number of samples. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. One-sample t-test and regression method were used to analyze the findings. The findings show that in total, the participation rate of Darvaz Ghar Tehran residents is at a low level with an average of 2.6. Among the various dimensions of participation, economic participation is at the lowest level with 2.4 compared to other dimensions of participation, and then managerial participation is at the lowest level with 2.6. The social dimension is at the highest level (2.8). Although the low participation in the neighborhood of Darvazeh Ghar is the most specific finding of the current research, the participation rate of this issue is not the same among different dimensions and shows differences. What needs basic attention in the meantime is that along with creating the necessary grounds for increasing public participation, it is of fundamental importance to familiarize the officials with the positive effects of participation.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Today, a significant number of citizens live in urban deteriorated fabrics. Due to some shortcomings in the physical, social, economic, etc., these tissues are worn out and do not have the necessary efficiency to respond to the needs of their residents. Darvazh Ghaz neighborhood is one of the old neighborhoods of Tehran, which is now known as Harandi neighborhood, located in district 12 of Tehran municipality, and despite its historical and economic background, today it has become one of the most damaged neighborhoods in Tehran. In this neighborhood, various plans have been prepared in order to reduce the existing problems. The existence of several urban plans in the neighborhood shows the importance and necessity of planning in the dilapidated context, but despite the prepared projects and plans, Darwaz Ghar neighborhood is still facing many problems. As a result, in order to increase the quality of life of Darvaz-Ghar neighborhood and connect it with other neighborhoods of Tehran and benefit its residents from urban facilities in various fields, the need for the participation of its residents is felt. Study of participation of urban Deteriorated Fabrics Residents in urban development projects is the aim of this paper. For this purpose, the rate and Inclination of participation of urban Deteriorated Fabrics Residents in urban development projects in the Darvazeh Ghar (Harandi) neighborhood as a neighborhood located in the Deteriorated areas of Tehran has been studied.
 
Methodology
The research method is descriptive-analytical. The required information has been obtained by documentary and field methods. The statistical population of the study includes all residents in Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood and Cochran's method has been used to estimate the number of samples. The research instrument is a researcher-made questionnaire. Research Indicators have been examined with two questionnaires assessing the amount of participation and the desire to participate in the form of individual imagery, individual familiarity and consciousness, a sense of belonging and commitment, relations and solidarity, financial capital, human resources, management and law and laws. One-sample t-test and regression method were used to analyze the findings.
 
Results and discussion
Investigating participation in the personal dimension has been done with two indicators of imagine and personal attitude, familiarity and awareness of people. The findings related to the imagine index and individual attitude show that the residents have a good imagine of the result of their participation in urban projects because the average of this index was equal to 3. But in spite of having a good rate of this index, the total participation rate of Darvazeh Ghar residents is at a low level with an average of 2.6. The study of social indicators showed residents' interest in participating in urban projects because the average of this index with related items was 3.1. Residents of the Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood are not favorable in relation to the relationship index and correlation so that this index is lower than the average (2.5). In the economic dimension, in relation to the financial capital index overall, residents do not have good financial capital to participate in urban plans, because the average of this index was 2.3. Analysis of this index shows that due to the low income levels of the residents of the neighborhood there is a low financial payment and the use of government facilities for projects. The residents of the Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood are also not in good condition in relation to the human resources index, so that the index is lower than the average (2.6). Also the findings in relation to the management index for urban projects show that residents are not satisfied with the management of these projects in the neighborhood because the average index was 2.5. In the context of evaluating the desire to participate in the form of individual, social, economic, managerial dimensions, the tendency to participate in the Tehran Darvazeh Ghar is low with an average of 2.7. Among the different dimensions of the residents, the individual dimension with an average of 2.4 is at a lower level than the rest of the dimensions, and then the managerial dimension can be mentioned. The social dimension is at the highest level (3.1) and above the average, which is due to the popularity of government facilities.
 
Conclusion
The issue of citizens' participation in urban projects and projects is one of the most fundamental issues in contemporary urban planning, and efforts to maximize public participation are part of the most important strategies in this field. Although low participation in the Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood is the most specific finding of the present study, it is not the same among the different dimensions of the participation and shows differences. What requires fundamental attention is the consciousness of the authorities with the positive effects of participation at the same time as planning to increase public participation. Citizens believe that their participation in urban projects related to the neighborhood is useful, but their views may not properly prevent the negative consequences of the plan because they are not usually considered. Other important points include the economic dimension. This aspect of participation is at the rate of participation above the average level, but is at the lowest level in the evaluation of participation. These results show that residents of Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood tend to have high economic participation in their neighborhood projects, but have failed to have good economic participation due to low economic power.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
 We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.